Preventing the potential spread of COVID-19 can involve a range of precautions such as isolation and the wearing of personal protective equipment, and education to individual patients, healthcare workers and the broader community. Once COVID-19 is diagnosed, various medications and therapeutic procedures may be considered, together with education for the patient and their families/caregivers.
These data elements are described below, with example SNOMED CT subsets for each
2.5.1 Prevention
Precautionary measures, such as 840534001 | SARS-CoV-2 vaccination| , 225368008 | Contact tracing| , and 170499009 | Isolation of infection contact (procedure)| are extremely important in the fight against infectious diseases such as COVID-19. The following preventative measures can be recorded using SNOMED CT.
| CV19-PTE-PreventionProcedures | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Concept id | Fully Specified Name | en-US Preferred Term | Effective Time |
409524006 | Airborne precautions (procedure) | Airborne precautions | 20040731 |
| 225368008 | Contact tracing (procedure) | Contact tracing | 20020131 |
409529001 | Contact precautions (procedure) | Contact precautions | 20040731 |
409525007 | Respiratory secretion precautions (procedure) | Respiratory secretion precautions | 20040731 |
| 77248004 | Infection control procedure (procedure) | Infection control procedur | 20020131 |
361235007 | Isolation of infected patient (procedure) | Isolation of infected patient | 20020131 |
170499009 | Isolation of infection contact (procedure) | Isolation of infection contact | 20020131 |
170500000 | Isolation of infection carrier (procedure) | Isolation of infection carrier | 20020131 |
| 840534001 | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination (procedure) | SARS-CoV-2 vaccination | 20200309 |
2.5.2 Education
Education is an important aspect of preventing and managing COVID-19 infection. The following SNOMED CT concepts may be used to record this data.
| CV19-PTE-Education | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Concept id | Fully Specified Name | en-US Preferred Term | Effective Time |
| 698608004 | Hand washing education (procedure) | Hand washing education | 20140131 |
| 385820004 | Infection control education (procedure) | Infection control education | 20100731 |
| 868263005 | Education about infectious disease (procedure) | Education about infectious disease | 20200731 |
Please refer to 2.5.1 Extension Concepts - Treatment and Education for a list of known extension concepts.
2.5.3 Medication
A number of countries are trialling the use of medication to treat COVID-19. Some of the medications being trialled are listed in the table below1.
| CV19-PTE-Medication | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Concept id | Fully Specified Name | en-US Preferred Term | Effective Time |
| 775187003 | Product containing only chloroquine (medicinal product) | Chloroquine only product | 20190131 |
| 776273003 | Product containing only hydroxychloroquine (medicinal product) | Hydroxychloroquine only product | 20190131 |
| 776569000 | Product containing only lopinavir and ritonavir (medicinal product) | Lopinavir and ritonavir only product | 20190131 |
2.5.4 Administrative Procedures
Patients with severe symptoms or complications may require admission to hospital, or other administrative procedures. The following administrative procedures may be recorded using SNOMED CT.
| CV19-PTE-TherapeuticProcedures | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Concept id | Fully Specified Name | en-US Preferred Term | Effective Time |
| 183452005 | Emergency hospital admission (procedure) | Emergency hospital admission | 20020131 |
| 305376003 | Admission to infectious diseases department (procedure) | Admission to infectious diseases department | 20020131 |
| 305351004 | Admission to intensive care unit (procedure) | Admission to intensive care unit | 20020131 |
| 305360007 | Admission to respiratory medicine department (procedure) | Admission to respiratory medicine department | 20020131 |
| 32485007 | Hospital admission (procedure) | Hospital admission | 20020131 |
| 417005 | Hospital re-admission (procedure) | Hospital re-admission | 20020131 |
2.5.5 Therapeutic Procedures
Patients suffering from severe symptoms or complications may require a range of therapeutic procedures, many of them involving supportive care to help them breathe. The following therapeutic procedures may be recorded using SNOMED CT.
| CV19-PTE-TherapeuticProcedures | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Concept id | Fully Specified Name | en-US Preferred Term | Effective Time |
| 233573008 | Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (procedure) | Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 20020131 |
| 447996002 | Intubation of respiratory tract (procedure) | Intubation of respiratory tract | 20110731 |
| 243141005 | Mechanically assisted spontaneous ventilation (procedure) | Mechanically assisted spontaneous ventilation | 20020131 |
| 428311008 | Noninvasive ventilation (procedure) | Noninvasive ventilation | 20080131 |
| 371908008 | Oxygen administration by mask (procedure) | Oxygen administration by mask | 20020731 |
| 371907003 | Oxygen administration by nasal cannula (procedure) | Oxygen administration by nasal cannula | 20020731 |
Footnotes
Please note that SNOMED International is making no statement on the safety or efficacy of these medications or treatments in the treatment of COVID-19.
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