Skin, skin-associated mucosa
This is an example of a body structure that is used to group related terms. The concept 707861009 |Structure of skin and/or skin-associated mucous membrane (body structure)| intentionally employs disjunction (inclusive Or). It includes structures in the deep layers, but excludes non-skin mucosal epithelium, e.g. bronchial, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary sites of squamous cell neoplasms. The 400199006 |Structure of skin and/or surface epithelium (body structure)| concept is used to represent the sites of these neoplasms.
Skin and/or skin-associated mucosa is intended for use in dermatology. It is not intended to subsume all mucosal structures, which are under Mucous membrane structure (body structure).
Diseases of the skin
For the meaning of diseases of the skin, refer to the draft of ICD-11: Diseases of the skin incorporate conditions affecting the epidermis, its appendages (hair, hair follicle, sebaceous glands, apocrine sweat gland apparatus, eccrine sweat gland apparatus and nails) and associated mucous membranes (conjunctival, oral and genital), the dermis, the cutaneous vasculature and the subcutaneous tissue (subcutis).
Skin regions, skin of <named body part>
Since the phrase skin of finger can mean some or all of the skin of finger (if interpreted as a structure, rather than entire in the The StructureEntirePart (SEP) model, we could use IS-A to represent the relationship between skin of finger and skin of hand. Thus, skin of finger IS-A skin of hand, IS-A Skin structure of upper limb, IS-A skin region. The word region is not used in all of these names, because it may refer to the entire region or a part of a region.
Scalp
Formal definitions of scalp include layers beneath the skin. Therefore we make a distinction between 41695006 |Scalp structure (body structure)| and 43067004 |Skin structure of scalp (body structure)|.
Soft tissue
There are at least three different use cases and meanings, and thus categories, for the phrase soft tissue. They include:
- Tumors. Soft tissue gives rise to similar types of neoplasms of mesenchymal stem cell origin, generally called soft tissue neoplasms. This accounts for the inclusions/exclusions of the category. Non-neoplastic masses arising in soft tissue are included in the WHO Classification of Soft Tissue Tumours.
- For tumors, soft tissue is defined as non-epithelial extraskeletal tissue of the body, exclusive of the mononuclear phagocyte system, glia, and supporting tissue of various mesenchymal organs. Other explicit inclusions are: fibrous tissue, fascia, ligaments, tendons, tendon sheaths, synovia, bursae, skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, fatty tissue, adipose tissue, blood vessels, lymph vessels, peripheral nerves, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and ganglia, as well as subcutaneous tissue. Skin, skeletal cartilage, pleura, and the pericardium, peritoneum, central nervous system, endocrine glands, and viscera are excluded.
- Sites of non-bone disorders and injuries of the limbs, head, neck, and body wall. Skeletal cartilage, as well as all non-bone structures of the limbs, and subcutaneous tissue and fat are included. Skin and lymph nodes are not included. For the head, neck and torso, mononuclear phagocyte system, central nervous system, endocrine glands, viscera, and supporting tissues are excluded.
- Structures identified in images. Soft tissue include everything except for mineralized bone tissue and teeth.
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