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The following ABNF definition specifies the Long Syntax the the SNOMED CT Expression Constraint Language. Please note that all keywords are case insensitive.
This ABNF syntax and the ANTLR syntax is maintained in the SNOMED Expression Constraint Language GitHub repository.

expressionConstraint

 

 = ws ( refinedExpressionConstraint / compoundExpressionConstraint / dottedExpressionConstraint / subExpressionConstraint ) ws

refinedExpressionConstraint

 

 = subExpressionConstraint ws ":" ws eclRefinement

compoundExpressionConstraint

 

 = conjunctionExpressionConstraint / disjunctionExpressionConstraint / exclusionExpressionConstraint

conjunctionExpressionConstraint

 

 = subExpressionConstraint 1*(ws conjunction ws subExpressionConstraint)

disjunctionExpressionConstraint

 

 = subExpressionConstraint 1*(ws disjunction ws subExpressionConstraint)

exclusionExpressionConstraint

 

 = subExpressionConstraint ws exclusion ws subExpressionConstraint

dottedExpressionConstraint

 

 = subExpressionConstraint 1*(ws dottedExpressionAttribute)

dottedExpressionAttribute

 

 =

 

 dot

ws 

 ws eclAttributeName

subExpressionConstraint

 

= [constraintOperator ws] ( ( [memberOf ws] (eclFocusConcept /

 

 "(" ws expressionConstraint ws ")"

)

eclFocusConcept = eclConceptReference / wildCard

dot = "."

memberOf = "^" /

) *(ws memberFilterConstraint)) / (eclFocusConcept / "(" ws expressionConstraint ws ")") ) *(ws (descriptionFilterConstraint / conceptFilterConstraint)) [ws historySupplement]
eclFocusConcept = eclConceptReference / wildCard / altIdentifier
dot = "."
memberOf = ( "^" / ("m"/"M") ("e"/"E") ("m"/"M") ("b"/"B") ("e"/"E") ("r"/"R") ("o"/"O") ("f"/"F")

eclConceptReference = conceptId [ws "|" ws term ws "|"]

conceptId = sctId

term = 1*nonwsNonPipe *( 1*SP 1*nonwsNonPipe )

wildCard = "*" / ( ("a"/"A") ("n"/"N") ("y"/"Y") )

constraintOperator = childOf / descendantOrSelfOf / descendantOf / parentOf / ancestorOrSelfOf / ancestorOf

descendantOf = "<" / ( ("d"/"D") ("e"/"E") ("s"/"S") ("c"/"C") ("e"/"E") ("n"/"N") ("d"/"D") ("

 ) [ ws "[" ws (refsetFieldNameSet / wildCard) ws "]" ]
refsetFieldNameSet = refsetFieldName *( ws "," ws refsetFieldName )
refsetFieldName = 1*alpha
eclConceptReference = conceptId [ws "|" ws term ws "|"]
eclConceptReferenceSet = "(" ws eclConceptReference 1*(mws eclConceptReference) ws ")"
conceptId = sctId
term = 1*nonwsNonPipe *( 1*SP 1*nonwsNonPipe )
altIdentifier = (QM altIdentifierSchemeAlias "#" altIdentifierCodeWithinQuotes QM / altIdentifierSchemeAlias "#" altIdentifierCodeWithoutQuotes) [ws "|" ws term ws "|"]
altIdentifierSchemeAlias = alpha *(dash / alpha / integerValue)
altIdentifierCodeWithinQuotes = 1*anyNonEscapedChar
altIdentifierCodeWithoutQuotes = 1*(alpha / digit / dash / "." / "_")
wildCard = "*" / ( ("a"/"A") ("n"/"N") ("

t

y"/"

T

Y")

("o"/"O") ("f"/"F") mws )descendantOrSelfOf = "<<" / (

 )
constraintOperator = childOf / childOrSelfOf / descendantOrSelfOf / descendantOf / parentOf / parentOrSelfOf / ancestorOrSelfOf / ancestorOf / top / bottom
descendantOf = "<" / ( ("d"/"D") ("e"/"E") ("s"/"S") ("c"/"C") ("e"/"E") ("n"/"N") ("d"/"D") ("a"/"A") ("n"/"N") ("t"/"T") ("o"/"O") ("

r

f"/"

R") ("s"/"S")

F") mws )
descendantOrSelfOf = "<<" / ( ("d"/"D") ("e"/"E") ("

l

s"/"

L

S") ("

f

c"/"

F

C") ("

o

e"/"

O

E") ("

f

n"/"

F

N")

mws )childOf = "<!" / (

 ("

c

d"/"

C

D") ("

h

a"/"

H

A") ("

i

n"/"

I

N") ("

l

t"/"

L

T") ("

d"/"D") ("

o"/"O") ("

f

r"/"

F

R")

mws )ancestorOf = ">" / (

 ("

a

s"/"

A

S")

("n"/"N") ("c"/"C")

 ("e"/"E") ("

s

l"/"

S

L") ("

t

f"/"

T

F") ("o"/"O") ("

r

f"/"

R

F")

("o"/"O") ("f"/"F") mws )ancestorOrSelfOf = ">>" / ( ("a"/"A") ("n"/"N") ("c"/"C") ("e"/"E") ("s"/"S") ("t"/"T") ("o"/"O") ("r"/"R") ("o"/"O") ("r"/"R") ("s"/"S") ("e"/"E")

 mws )
childOf = "<!" / (("c"/"C") ("h"/"H") ("i"/"I") ("l"/"L") ("d"/"D") ("o"/"O") ("f"/"F") mws )
childOrSelfOf = "<<!" / (("c"/"C") ("h"/"H") ("i"/"I") ("l"/"L") ("

f

d"/"

F

D") ("o"/"O") ("

f

r"/"

F

R")

mws )parentOf = ">!" / (("p

 ("s"/"

P

S") ("

a

e"/"

A") ("r"/"R") ("e"/"

E") ("

n

l"/"

N

L") ("

t

f"/"

T

F") ("o"/"O") ("f"/"F") mws )

conjunction = (

ancestorOf = ">" / ( ("a"/"A") ("n"/"N") ("

d

c"/"

D

C")

mws) / ","disjunction =

 ("

o

e"/"

O

E") ("

r

s"/"

R

S")

mwsexclusion =

 ("

m

t"/"

M

T") ("

i

o"/"

I

O") ("

n

r"/"

N

R") ("

u

o"/"

U

O") ("

s

f"/"

S

F")

mws

eclRefinement = subRefinement ws [conjunctionRefinementSet / disjunctionRefinementSet]

conjunctionRefinementSet = 1*(ws conjunction ws subRefinement)

disjunctionRefinementSet = 1*(ws disjunction ws subRefinement)

subRefinement = eclAttributeSet / eclAttributeGroup / "(" ws eclRefinement ws ")"

eclAttributeSet = subAttributeSet ws [conjunctionAttributeSet / disjunctionAttributeSet]

conjunctionAttributeSet = 1*(ws conjunction ws subAttributeSet)

disjunctionAttributeSet = 1*(ws disjunction ws subAttributeSet)

subAttributeSet = eclAttribute / "(" ws eclAttributeSet ws ")"

eclAttributeGroup = ["[" cardinality "]" ws] "{" ws eclAttributeSet ws "}"

eclAttribute = ["[" cardinality "]" ws] [reverseFlag ws] eclAttributeName ws (expressionComparisonOperator ws subExpressionConstraint / numericComparisonOperator ws "#" numericValue / stringComparisonOperator ws QM stringValue QM)

cardinality = minValue to maxValue

minValue = nonNegativeIntegerValue

to = ".." / (mws ("t"/"T") ("o"/"O") mws)

maxValue = nonNegativeIntegerValue / many

many = "*" / ( ("m"/"M") ("a"/"A") ("n"/"N") ("y"/"Y"))

reverseFlag = ( ("r"/"R") ("e"/"E") ("v"/"V") ("e"/"E") ("r"/"R") ("s"/"S") ("e"/"E")

 mws )
ancestorOrSelfOf = ">>" / ( ("a"/"A") ("n"/"N") ("c"/"C") ("e"/"E") ("s"/"S") ("t"/"T") ("o"/"O") ("r"/"R") ("o"/"O") ("r"/"R") ("s"/"S") ("e"/"E") ("l"/"L") ("f"/"F") ("o"/"O") ("f"/"F") mws )
parentOf = ">!" / (("p"/"P") ("a"/"A") ("r"/"R") ("e"/"E") ("n"/"N") ("t"/"T") ("o"/"O") ("f"/"F")

) / "R"

eclAttributeName = subExpressionConstraint

expressionComparisonOperator = "=" / "!=" / ("n"/"N") ("o"/"O") ("t"/"T") ws "=" / "<>"

numericComparisonOperator = "=" / "!=" / ("n"/"N") ("o"/"O")

 mws )
parentOrSelfOf = ">>!" / (("p"/"P") ("a"/"A") ("r"/"R") ("e"/"E") ("n"/"N") ("t"/"T") ("o"/"O") ("r"/"R") ("s"/"S") ("e"/"E") ("l"/"L") ("f"/"F") ("o"/"O") ("f"/"F") mws )
top = "!!>" / (("t"/"T") ("o"/"O") ("p"/"P") mws )
bottom = "!!<" / (("b"/"B") ("o"/"O") ("t"/"T") ("t"/"T") ("o"/"O") ("m"/"M") mws )
conjunction = (("a"/"A") ("n"/"N") ("d"/"D") mws) / ","
disjunction = ("o"/"O") ("r"/"R") mws
exclusion = ("m"/"M") ("i"/"I") ("n"/"N") ("u"/"U") ("s"/"S") mws
eclRefinement = subRefinement ws [conjunctionRefinementSet / disjunctionRefinementSet]
conjunctionRefinementSet = 1*(ws conjunction ws subRefinement)
disjunctionRefinementSet = 1*(ws disjunction ws subRefinement)
subRefinement = eclAttributeSet / eclAttributeGroup / "(" ws eclRefinement ws ")"
eclAttributeSet = subAttributeSet ws [conjunctionAttributeSet / disjunctionAttributeSet]
conjunctionAttributeSet = 1*(ws conjunction ws subAttributeSet)
disjunctionAttributeSet = 1*(ws disjunction ws subAttributeSet)
subAttributeSet = eclAttribute / "(" ws eclAttributeSet ws ")"
eclAttributeGroup = ["[" cardinality "]" ws] "{" ws eclAttributeSet ws "}"
eclAttribute = ["[" cardinality "]" ws] [reverseFlag ws] eclAttributeName ws (expressionComparisonOperator ws subExpressionConstraint / numericComparisonOperator ws "#" numericValue / stringComparisonOperator ws (typedSearchTerm / typedSearchTermSet) / booleanComparisonOperator ws booleanValue)
cardinality = minValue to maxValue
minValue = nonNegativeIntegerValue
to = ".." / (mws ("t"/"T") ("o"/"O") mws)
maxValue = nonNegativeIntegerValue / many
many = "*" / ( ("m"/"M") ("a"/"A") ("n"/"N") ("y"/"Y"))
reverseFlag = ( ("r"/"R") ("e"/"E") ("v"/"V") ("e"/"E") ("r"/"R") ("s"/"S") ("e"/"E") ("o"/"O") ("f"/"F")) / "R"
eclAttributeName = subExpressionConstraint
expressionComparisonOperator = "=" / "!=" / ("n"/"N") ("o"/"O") ("t"/"T") ws "=" / "<>"
numericComparisonOperator = "=" / "!=" / ("n"/"N") ("o"/"O") ("t"/"T") ws "=" / "<>" / "<=" / "<" / ">=" / ">"
timeComparisonOperator = "=" / "!=" / ("n"/"N") ("o"/"O") ("t"/"T") ws "=" / "<>" / "<=" / "<" / ">=" / ">"
stringComparisonOperator = "=" / "!=" / ("n"/"N") ("o"/"O") ("t"/"T") ws "=" / "<>"
booleanComparisonOperator = "=" / "!=" / ("n"/"N") ("o"/"O") ("t"/"T") ws "=" / "<>"
idComparisonOperator = "=" / "!=" / ("n"/"N") ("o"/"O") ("t"/"T") ws "=" / "<>"
descriptionFilterConstraint = "{{" ws [ "d" / "D" ] ws descriptionFilter *(ws "," ws descriptionFilter) ws "}}"
descriptionFilter = termFilter / languageFilter / typeFilter / dialectFilter / moduleFilter / effectiveTimeFilter / activeFilter / descriptionIdFilter
descriptionIdFilter = descriptionIdKeyword ws idComparisonOperator ws (descriptionId / descriptionIdSet)
descriptionIdKeyword = ("i"/"I") ("d"/"D")
descriptionId = sctId
descriptionIdSet = "(" ws descriptionId *(mws descriptionId) ws ")"
termFilter = termKeyword ws stringComparisonOperator ws (typedSearchTerm / typedSearchTermSet)
termKeyword = ("t"/"T") ("e"/"E") ("r"/"R") ("m"/"M")
typedSearchTerm = ( [ matchKeyword ws ":" ws ] matchSearchTermSet ) / ( wild ws ":" ws wildSearchTermSet )
typedSearchTermSet = "(" ws typedSearchTerm *(mws typedSearchTerm) ws ")"
wild = ("w"/"W") ("i"/"I") ("l"/"L") ("d"/"D")
matchKeyword = ("m"/"M") ("a"/"A") ("t"/"T") ("c"/"C") ("h"/"H")
matchSearchTerm = 1*(nonwsNonEscapedChar / escapedChar)
matchSearchTermSet = QM ws matchSearchTerm *(mws matchSearchTerm) ws QM
wildSearchTerm = 1*(anyNonEscapedChar / escapedWildChar)
wildSearchTermSet = QM wildSearchTerm QM
languageFilter = language ws booleanComparisonOperator ws (languageCode / languageCodeSet)
language = ("l"/"L") ("a"/"A") ("n"/"N") ("g"/"G") ("u"/"U") ("a"/"A") ("g"/"G") ("e"/"E")
languageCode = 2alpha
languageCodeSet = "(" ws languageCode *(mws languageCode) ws ")"
typeFilter = typeIdFilter / typeTokenFilter
typeIdFilter = typeId ws booleanComparisonOperator ws (subExpressionConstraint / eclConceptReferenceSet)
typeId = ("t"/"T") ("y"/"Y") ("p"/"P") ("e"/"E") ("i"/"I") ("d"/"D")
typeTokenFilter = type ws booleanComparisonOperator ws (typeToken / typeTokenSet)
type = ("t"/"T") ("y"/"Y") ("p"/"P") ("e"/"E")
typeToken = synonym / fullySpecifiedName / definition
typeTokenSet = "(" ws typeToken *(mws typeToken) ws ")"
synonym = ("s"/"S") ("y"/"Y") ("n"/"N") [ ("o"/"O") ("n"/"N") ("y"/"Y") ("m"/"M") ]
fullySpecifiedName = ( ("f"/"F") ("s"/"S") ("n"/"N") ) / ( ("f"/"F") ("u"/"U") ("l"/"L") ("l"/"L") ("y"/"Y") ("s"/"S") ("p"/"P") ("e"/"E") ("c"/"C") ("i"/"I") ("f"/"F") ("i"/"I") ("e"/"E") ("d"/"D") ("n"/"N") ("a"/"A") ("m"/"M") ("e"/"E") )
definition = ("d"/"D") ("e"/"E") ("f"/"F") [ ("i"/"I") ("n"/"N") ("i"/"I") ("t"/"T") ("i"/"I") ("o"/"O") ("n"/"N") ]
dialectFilter = (dialectIdFilter / dialectAliasFilter) [ ws acceptabilitySet ]
dialectIdFilter = dialectId ws booleanComparisonOperator ws (subExpressionConstraint / dialectIdSet)
dialectId = ("d"/"D") ("i"/"I") ("a"/"A") ("l"/"L") ("e"/"E") ("c"/"C") ("t"/"T") ("i"/"I") ("d"/"D")
dialectAliasFilter = dialect ws booleanComparisonOperator ws (dialectAlias / dialectAliasSet)
dialect = ("d"/"D") ("i"/"I") ("a"/"A") ("l"/"L") ("e"/"E") ("c"/"C") ("t"/"T")
dialectAlias = alpha *( dash / alpha / integerValue)
dialectAliasSet = "(" ws dialectAlias [ws acceptabilitySet] *(mws dialectAlias [ws acceptabilitySet]) ws ")"
dialectIdSet = "(" ws eclConceptReference [ws acceptabilitySet] *(mws eclConceptReference [ws acceptabilitySet] ) ws ")"
acceptabilitySet = acceptabilityConceptReferenceSet / acceptabilityTokenSet
acceptabilityConceptReferenceSet = "(" ws eclConceptReference *(mws eclConceptReference) ws ")"
acceptabilityTokenSet = "(" ws acceptabilityToken *(mws acceptabilityToken) ws ")"
acceptabilityToken = acceptable / preferred
acceptable = ("a"/"A") ("c"/"C") ("c"/"C") ("e"/"E") ("p"/"P") ("t"/"T") [ ("a"/"A") ("b"/"B") ("l"/"L") ("e"/"E") ]
preferred = ("p"/"P") ("r"/"R") ("e"/"E") ("f"/"F") ("e"/"E") ("r"/"R") [ ("r"/"R") ("e"/"E") ("d"/"D") ]
conceptFilterConstraint = "{{" ws ("c" / "C") ws conceptFilter *(ws "," ws conceptFilter) ws "}}"
conceptFilter = definitionStatusFilter / moduleFilter / effectiveTimeFilter / activeFilter
definitionStatusFilter = definitionStatusIdFilter / definitionStatusTokenFilter
definitionStatusIdFilter = definitionStatusIdKeyword ws booleanComparisonOperator ws (subExpressionConstraint / eclConceptReferenceSet)
definitionStatusIdKeyword = ("d"/"D") ("e"/"E") ("f"/"F") ("i"/"I") ("n"/"N") ("i"/"I") ("t"/"T") ("i"/"I") ("o"/"O") ("n"/"N") ("s"/"S") ("t"/"T") ("a"/"A") ("t"/"T") ("u"/"U") ("s"/"S") ("i"/"I") ("d"/"D")
definitionStatusTokenFilter = definitionStatusKeyword ws booleanComparisonOperator ws (definitionStatusToken / definitionStatusTokenSet)
definitionStatusKeyword = ("d"/"D") ("e"/"E") ("f"/"F") ("i"/"I") ("n"/"N") ("i"/"I") ("t"/"T") ("i"/"I") ("o"/"O") ("n"/"N") ("s"/"S") ("t"/"T") ("a"/"A") ("t"/"T") ("u"/"U") ("s"/"S")
definitionStatusToken = primitiveToken / definedToken
definitionStatusTokenSet = "(" ws definitionStatusToken *(mws definitionStatusToken) ws ")"
primitiveToken = ("p"/"P") ("r"/"R") ("i"/"I") ("m"/"M") ("i"/"I") ("t"/"T") ("i"/"I") ("v"/"V") ("e"/"E")
definedToken = ("d"/"D") ("e"/"E") ("f"/"F") ("i"/"I") ("n"/"N") ("e"/"E") ("d"/"D")
moduleFilter = moduleIdKeyword ws booleanComparisonOperator ws (subExpressionConstraint / eclConceptReferenceSet)
moduleIdKeyword = ("m"/"M") ("o"/"O") ("d"/"D") ("u"/"U") ("l"/"L") ("e"/"E") ("i"/"I") ("d"/"D")
effectiveTimeFilter = effectiveTimeKeyword ws timeComparisonOperator ws ( timeValue / timeValueSet )
effectiveTimeKeyword = ("e"/"E") ("f"/"F") ("f"/"F") ("e"/"E") ("c"/"C") ("t"/"T") ("i"/"I") ("v"/"V") ("e"/"E") ("t"/"T") ("i"/"I") ("m"/"M") ("e"/"E")
timeValue = QM [ year month day ] QM
timeValueSet = "(" ws timeValue *(mws timeValue) ws ")"
year = digitNonZero digit digit digit
month = "01" / "02" / "03" / "04" / "05" / "06" / "07" / "08" / "09" / "10" / "11" / "12"
day = "01" / "02" / "03" / "04" / "05" / "06" / "07" / "08" / "09" / "10" / "11" / "12" / "13" / "14" / "15" / "16" / "17" / "18" / "19" / "20" / "21" / "22" / "23" / "24" / "25" / "26" / "27" / "28" / "29" / "30" / "31"
activeFilter = activeKeyword ws booleanComparisonOperator ws activeValue
activeKeyword = ("a"/"A") ("c"/"C") ("t"/"T") ("i"/"I") ("v"/"V") ("e"/"E")
activeValue = activeTrueValue / activeFalseValue
activeTrueValue = "1" / "true"
activeFalseValue = "0" / "false"
memberFilterConstraint = "{{" ws ("m" / "M") ws memberFilter *(ws "," ws memberFilter) ws "}}"
memberFilter = moduleFilter / effectiveTimeFilter / activeFilter / memberFieldFilter
memberFieldFilter = refsetFieldName ws (expressionComparisonOperator ws subExpressionConstraint / numericComparisonOperator ws "#" numericValue / stringComparisonOperator ws (typedSearchTerm / typedSearchTermSet) / booleanComparisonOperator ws booleanValue / ws timeComparisonOperator ws (timeValue / timeValueSet) )
historySupplement = "{{" ws "+" ws historyKeyword [ historyProfileSuffix / ws historySubset ] ws "}}"
historyKeyword = ("h"/"H") ("i"/"I") ("s"/"S") ("t"/"T") ("o"/"O") ("r"/"R") ("y"/"Y")
historyProfileSuffix = historyMinimumSuffix / historyModerateSuffix / historyMaximumSuffix
historyMinimumSuffix = ("-"/"_") ("m"/"M") ("i"/"I") ("n"/"N")
historyModerateSuffix = ("-"/"_") ("m"/"M") ("o"/"O") ("d"/"D")
historyMaximumSuffix = ("-"/"_") ("m"/"M") ("a"/"A") ("x"/"X")
historySubset = "(" ws expressionConstraint ws ")"
numericValue = ["-"/"+"] (decimalValue / integerValue)
stringValue = 1*(anyNonEscapedChar / escapedChar)
integerValue = digitNonZero *digit / zero
decimalValue = integerValue "." 1*digit
booleanValue = true / false
true = ("t"/"T")

ws

 ("

=

r"/"

<>

R"

/ "<=

) ("u"/"

<

U"

/ ">=

) ("e"/"

>"stringComparisonOperator = "=" / "!=" / ("n

E")
false = ("f"/"

N

F") ("

o

a"/"

O

A") ("

t

l"/"

T

L")

ws "=" / "<>"numericValue = ["-

 ("s"/"

+

S"

] (decimalValue / integerValue)

stringValue = 1*(anyNonEscapedChar / escapedChar)

integerValue =  digitNonZero *digit / zero

decimalValue = integerValue "." 1*digit

nonNegativeIntegerValue = (digitNonZero *digit ) / zero

sctId = digitNonZero

) ("e"/"E")
nonNegativeIntegerValue = (digitNonZero *digit ) / zero
sctId = digitNonZero 5*17( digit )

ws = *( SP / HTAB / CR / LF / comment ) ; optional white space

mws = 1*( SP / HTAB / CR / LF / comment ) ; mandatory white space

comment = "/*" *(nonStarChar / starWithNonFSlash) "*/"

nonStarChar = SP / HTAB / CR / LF / %x21-29 / %x2B-7E /UTF8-2 / UTF8-3 / UTF8-4

starWithNonFSlash = %x2A nonFSlash

nonFSlash = SP / HTAB / CR / LF / %x21-2E / %x30-7E /UTF8-2 / UTF8-3 / UTF8-4

SP = %x20 ; space

HTAB = %x09 ; tab

CR = %x0D ; carriage return

LF = %x0A ; line feed

QM = %x22 ; quotation mark

BS = %x5C ; back

slashdigit =

 slash
star = %x2A ; asterisk
digit = %x30-39

zero = %x30

digitNonZero = %x31-39

nonwsNonPipe = %x21-7B / %x7D-7E / UTF8-2 / UTF8-3 / UTF8-4
anyNonEscapedChar = SP / HTAB / CR / LF / %x20-21 / %x23-5B / %x5D-7E / UTF8-2 / UTF8-3 / UTF8-4

anyNonEscapedChar = SP / HTAB / CR / LF / %x20-21 / %x23-5B / %x5D-7E / UTF8-2 / UTF8-3 / UTF8-4

escapedChar = BS QM / BS BS

UTF8-2 = %xC2-DF UTF8-tail

UTF8-3 = %xE0 %xA0-BF UTF8-tail / %xE1-EC 2( UTF8-tail ) / %xED %x80-9F UTF8-tail / %xEE-EF 2( UTF8-tail )

UTF8-4 = %xF0 %x90-BF 2( UTF8-tail ) / %xF1-F3 3( UTF8-tail ) / %xF4 %x80-8F 2( UTF8-tail )

UTF8-tail =

escapedChar = BS QM / BS BS
escapedWildChar = BS QM / BS BS / BS star
nonwsNonEscapedChar = %x21 / %x23-5B / %x5D-7E / UTF8-2 / UTF8-3 / UTF8-4
alpha = %x41-5A / %x61-7A
dash = %x2D
UTF8-2 = %xC2-DF UTF8-tail
UTF8-3 = %xE0 %xA0-BF UTF8-tail / %xE1-EC 2( UTF8-tail ) / %xED %x80-9F UTF8-tail / %xEE-EF 2( UTF8-tail )
UTF8-4 = %xF0 %x90-BF 2( UTF8-tail ) / %xF1-F3 3( UTF8-tail ) / %xF4 %x80-8F 2( UTF8-tail )
UTF8-tail = %x80-BF